VRRP Protocol

VRRP (Virtual Router redundancy protocol) is an open standard default gateway redundancy protocol and it is is alternative for HSRP.

It uses one router as master and all other routers are used as backup for master. A router with highest VRRP priority elects master and all other routers move in to VRRP backup state. If priority same then highest router ID will be use as tie breaker.

VRRP is faster than HSRP. Because its default hello interval is 1 second that means it sends the hello message at the interval of 1 second. If three hello messages missed from master then master will lost its master role and a router from backup state with next heifer VRRP priority will take the active role immediately.

Default VRRP priority is 100 and it can be set from 1 to 254.

Group number can be configure between 1 to 255.

VRRP uses UDP port number 112.

VRRP multicast IP address is 224.0.0.18.

Default hello interval is 1 second and can be set from 1 to 255 seconds.

Default hold interval is 3 seconds and can be set from 3 to 255 seconds.

Preemption is default in VRRP so no need to configure it.

VRRP virtual MAC address is 0000.5e000.01xx. Here XX represents the group number.

Note: With VRRP , We can also use interface IP address as an VRRP IP. But it is not a good idea. Because if we are using interface IP address for VRRP then master router will not leave its role due to its priority. interface default priority is 255 which highest one.

Difference between HSRP and VRRP:

HSRP	VRRP
Cisco Propriety	Open standard
Maximum 16 groups	255 groups
1 router active , 1 standby and others in HSRP listen state	1 router master and all other router in VRRP backup state
Can’t use interface IP address as HSRP IP address	Interface IP address can be use as VRRP IP address
Multicast IP address 224.0.0.2	Multicast IP address 224.0.0.18
Hello time 3 seconds and hold time 10 seconds	Hello time 1 second and hold time 3 seconds
Preemption optional	Preemption default

Example:

SwitchA(config)# interface vlan 50
SwitchA(config-if)# ip address 192.168.2.10 255.255.255.0
SwitchA(config-if)# vrrp 1 priority 200
SwitchA(config-if)# vrrp 1 ip 192.168.2.1

SwitchB(config)# interface vlan 50
SwitchB(config-if)# ip address 192.168.2.11 255.255.255.0
SwitchB(config-if)# vrrp 1 priority 150
SwitchB(config-if)# vrrp 1 ip 192.168.2.1

SwitchC(config)# interface vlan 50
SwitchC(config-if)# ip address 192.168.2.12 255.255.255.0
SwitchC(config-if)# vrrp 1 ip 192.168.2.1

Thanks For Reading ………………….

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